TRANSPORTATION CODE
CHAPTER 66. HOUSTON PILOTS LICENSING AND REGULATORY ACT
SUBCHAPTER A. GENERAL PROVISIONS
§ 66.001. SHORT TITLE. This chapter may be cited as the
Houston Pilots Licensing and Regulatory Act.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.002. DEFINITIONS. In this chapter:
(1) "Board" means the board of pilot commissioners for
Harris County ports.
(2) "Consignee" means a person, including a master,
owner, agent, subagent, firm, or corporation or any combination of
those persons, who enters or clears a vessel at the office of the
collector of customs.
(3) "Harris County port" means a place in Harris
County into which a vessel enters or from which a vessel departs and
the waterway leading to that place from the Gulf of Mexico.
(4) "Pilot" means a person who is licensed as a branch
pilot or certified as a deputy branch pilot under this chapter.
(5) "Pilotage rate" means the remuneration a pilot may
lawfully charge a vessel for pilot services.
(6) "Pilot services" means acts of a pilot in
conducting a vessel through the navigable water in this state and
the ports in which the pilot is licensed or certified as a pilot.
(7) "Vessel" means an oceangoing, self-propelled
vessel.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.003. APPLICABILITY OF CHAPTER. This chapter
applies only to a Harris County port.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
SUBCHAPTER B. BOARD OF PILOT COMMISSIONERS
§ 66.011. BOARD. The board of pilot commissioners for
the ports of Harris County is composed of the port commissioners of
the Port of Houston Authority of Harris County, Texas.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.012. PROHIBITED INTEREST. A person may not be a
member of the board if the person, directly or indirectly, is
engaged in or has an interest in any pilot boat or in any other
business affected by or connected with the performance of the
person's duties as a pilot commissioner.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.013. OATH. Before beginning service as a board
member, each board member must take and sign, before a person
authorized to administer oaths, an oath to faithfully and
impartially discharge the duties of the office.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.014. TERM OF OFFICE. A board member serves a term
of office that coincides with the member's term as a port
commissioner.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.015. JURISDICTION. The board has exclusive
jurisdiction over the piloting of vessels in Harris County ports,
including intermediate stops and landing places for vessels on
navigable streams wholly or partially located in the board's
jurisdiction.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.016. ADMINISTRATION; RULES. (a) The board shall
administer this chapter and may perform any act or function
necessary to carry out its powers and duties under this chapter.
(b) The board may adopt rules to carry out this chapter.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.017. DUTIES. The board shall:
(1) establish the number of pilots necessary to
provide adequate pilot services for each Harris County port;
(2) accept applications for pilot licenses and
certificates and determine whether each applicant meets the
qualifications for a pilot;
(3) submit to the governor lists of applicants the
board finds to be qualified for appointment as pilots;
(4) establish pilotage rates;
(5) approve the locations for pilot stations;
(6) establish times during which pilot services will
be available;
(7) hear and determine complaints relating to the
conduct of pilots;
(8) recommend to the governor each pilot whose license
or certificate should not be renewed or should be revoked;
(9) adopt rules and issue orders to pilots or vessels
when necessary to secure efficient pilot services;
(10) institute investigations or hearings or both to
consider casualties, accidents, or other actions that violate this
chapter; and
(11) provide penalties to be imposed on a person who is
not a pilot for a Harris County port who pilots a vessel into or out
of the port if a pilot offered those services to the vessel.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.018. UNFAIR DISCRIMINATION PROHIBITED. (a) In
all its duties, including rulemaking, the board may not sanction
discriminatory practices or discriminate against a pilot or pilot
applicant because of race, religion, sex, ethnic origin, or
national origin.
(b) A person seeking a remedy for a violation of this
section must bring suit in a district court in Harris County.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.019. OPEN MEETINGS LAW. Chapter 551, Government
Code, applies to actions and proceedings under this chapter.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.020. RULE OR RATE CHANGE. (a) The board shall
give at least 10 days' notice as provided by this section before the
board adopts a rule or changes a pilotage rate.
(b) The board shall post the notice and a copy of the
proposed rule or change at the board office for public inspection.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.021. CONTESTED CASE NOTICE. The board shall post
in the board office for public inspection a notice that includes the
same information as the notice given to the parties in each
contested case.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.022. JUDICIAL REVIEW. Proceedings for judicial
review of a board decision shall be brought in a district court in
Harris County.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
SUBCHAPTER C. PILOT LICENSES AND CERTIFICATES
§ 66.031. LICENSE OR CERTIFICATE REQUIRED. A person may
not provide pilot services unless the person has a license or
certificate issued under this chapter for the Harris County ports
in which the pilot services are to be provided.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.032. EXEMPTIONS. The requirement to use a pilot
does not apply to:
(1) a vessel sailing under enrollment, or licensed or
engaged in the coasting trade between Texas ports or between any
Texas port and any other port of the United States; or
(2) a vessel exempt under federal law from payment of
state pilotage rates.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.033. QUALIFICATIONS FOR LICENSE. To be eligible
for a license as a branch pilot, a person must:
(1) be at least 25 years of age and less than 68 years
of age;
(2) be a United States citizen;
(3) as of the date the license is issued, have resided
continuously in this state for at least one year;
(4) be licensed under federal law to act as a pilot on
vessels that navigate water on which the applicant will furnish
pilot services;
(5) have at least three years' service as a deputy
branch pilot or equivalent service piloting vessels of at least
5,000 gross tons within the board's jurisdiction;
(6) have commanded or controlled the navigation of
vessels such as the person would pilot;
(7) have extensive experience in the docking and
undocking of vessels;
(8) be in good mental and physical health;
(9) have good moral character; and
(10) possess the requisite skill as a navigator and
pilot to perform competently and safely the duties of a branch
pilot.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995. Amended
by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 359, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1997.
§ 66.034. QUALIFICATIONS FOR CERTIFICATE. To be
eligible for a certificate as a deputy branch pilot, a person must:
(1) be at least 25 years of age;
(2) be a United States citizen;
(3) hold a license under federal law to act as a pilot
on vessels that navigate water on which the applicant will furnish
pilot services;
(4) be in good mental and physical health;
(5) have good moral character; and
(6) possess the requisite skill to perform competently
and safely the duties of a deputy branch pilot.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.035. APPLICATION FOR LICENSE OR CERTIFICATE. To
apply for a branch pilot's license or a deputy branch pilot's
certificate, a person must give to the board a written application
in the form and manner required by board rule.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.036. CONSIDERATION OF APPLICATION. (a) The board
shall carefully consider each application and shall conduct any
investigation it considers necessary to determine whether an
applicant is qualified for a license or certificate.
(b) As part of its consideration of applications for
licenses and certificates, the board may develop and administer
examinations to determine an applicant's knowledge of piloting,
management of vessels, and the water in the board's jurisdiction.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.037. BRANCH PILOT APPOINTMENT BY
GOVERNOR. (a) On filing of the bond and oath required by Section
66.039, the board shall certify to the governor that a person
licensed as a branch pilot has qualified.
(b) On receipt of the board's certification, the governor
shall issue to the person, in the name of the state and under the
state seal, a commission to serve as a branch pilot to and from
Harris County ports.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.038. DEPUTY BRANCH PILOT APPOINTMENT BY BRANCH
PILOT. (a) Each branch pilot may appoint, subject to examination
and approval by the board, two deputy branch pilots for whose acts
the branch pilot is responsible.
(b) A branch pilot may appoint an additional deputy branch
pilot if the board considers the appointment advisable.
(c) A branch pilot who appoints a deputy branch pilot
without the approval of the board forfeits the pilot's appointment
as a branch pilot.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.039. OATH; BOND. (a) A person appointed as a
pilot must take the official oath before entering service as a
pilot. The oath shall be endorsed on the bond required by
Subsection (b).
(b) Each pilot must execute a $25,000 bond payable to the
governor and conditioned on compliance with the laws, rules, and
orders relating to pilots and on the faithful performance of the
pilot's duties.
(c) Each bond must be approved by the board.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.040. TERMS OF LICENSES AND CERTIFICATES. (a) A
branch pilot's license expires on the fourth anniversary of the
date it is issued or renewed, provided that no pilot may furnish
pilot services under authority of a license after the pilot's 68th
birthday.
(b) A deputy branch pilot's certificate expires on the third
anniversary of the date it is issued and may not be renewed.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995. Amended
by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 359, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1997.
§ 66.041. BRANCH PILOT'S LICENSE RENEWAL. (a) The
governor shall renew a branch pilot's expiring license if the board
recommends renewal.
(b) If a pilot applies in writing and qualifies, the board
shall recommend renewal unless the board determines there is
probable cause not to renew the license.
(c) Probable cause not to renew a license exists if the
board finds that the license holder:
(1) does not possess a qualification required by this
chapter for pilots; or
(2) has a disability that will affect the license
holder's ability to serve as a pilot.
(d) If the board determines that it has probable cause not
to renew a license, the board shall notify the license holder of
that determination not later than the 60th day before the date the
license expires. On request, the board shall provide a hearing
after proper notice to consider whether the board has cause not to
recommend renewal of the license.
(e) If the board finds at the conclusion of the hearing that
the board lacks probable cause for nonrenewal of the license, the
board shall recommend that the governor renew the license.
(f) The board shall issue a written order recommending that
the governor not renew a license and the governor may not renew the
license if:
(1) the pilot does not contest the board's decision not
to renew the license; or
(2) the board after a hearing finds that it has
probable cause not to renew the license.
(g) The denial of renewal of a pilot's license does not
prohibit the pilot from applying for a new license and being
reappointed.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.042. DEPUTY BRANCH PILOT. A person who has been
issued a deputy branch pilot's certificate may not be issued a
deputy branch pilot's certificate before the fifth anniversary of
the date the person was previously issued a deputy branch pilot's
certificate.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.043. SUSPENSION OR REVOCATION OF BRANCH PILOT'S
LICENSE. (a) On complaint or on its own motion, and after notice
and hearing, the board may suspend a branch pilot's license for not
more than six months or recommend that the governor revoke a branch
pilot's license if the board finds that the pilot has:
(1) failed to demonstrate and maintain the
qualifications for a license required by this chapter;
(2) used narcotics or other types of drugs, chemicals,
or controlled substances as defined by law that impair the pilot's
ability to perform the pilot's duties skillfully and efficiently;
(3) used alcohol to an extent that impairs the pilot's
ability to perform the pilot's duties skillfully and efficiently;
(4) violated a provision of this chapter or rules
adopted by the board under this chapter;
(5) made a material misstatement in the application
for a license;
(6) obtained or attempted to obtain a license under
this chapter by fraud or misrepresentation;
(7) intentionally failed to comply with an order of
the board;
(8) charged a pilotage rate other than that approved
by the board;
(9) intentionally refused to pilot or neglected to
board promptly a vessel when requested to do so by the master or
person responsible for navigation of the vessel except when, in the
judgment of the pilot, movement of the vessel constitutes a hazard
to life or property or when pilotage charges that are due and owing
are unpaid by the person ordering the pilot services;
(10) intentionally caused damage to a vessel;
(11) been absent from duty in violation of board rules
and without authorization;
(12) aided or abetted another pilot in failing to
perform the other pilot's duties; or
(13) been guilty of carelessness, neglect of duty,
intentional unavailability for performance of duties, refusal to
perform duties, misconduct, or incompetence while on duty.
(b) If the federal pilot's license of a pilot licensed under
this chapter is suspended or revoked, the board, on a finding that
it has good cause, shall suspend the license for the same period or
revoke the license under this chapter.
(c) On determining that a license should be suspended or
revoked, the board shall adopt a written order that states its
findings and:
(1) suspends the license for a stated period; or
(2) recommends to the governor revocation of the
license.
(d) The governor, on receipt of a board order recommending
revocation of a license, shall revoke the license.
(e) A suspension of a license takes effect on adoption of
the board's order. A revocation of a branch pilot's license takes
effect on issuance of the governor's decision.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.044. SUSPENSION OR REVOCATION OF DEPUTY BRANCH
PILOT'S CERTIFICATE. A deputy branch pilot's certificate may be
suspended or revoked by the board in the same manner and for the
same reasons as provided for the revocation or suspension of a
branch pilot's license by Section 66.043.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.045. LIABILITY TO PILOT. (a) A person who is not
a pilot and who, in violation of this chapter, pilots a vessel and
the consignee of the vessel are liable to a pilot, on written
demand, for the amount of the applicable pilotage rate.
(b) In an action to recover compensation under Subsection
(a), the court may include in a judgment in favor of a pilot an award
of court costs and reasonable attorney's fees.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
SUBCHAPTER D. PILOTAGE RATES
§ 66.061. PILOTAGE RATE CHANGE. The board may not
change pilotage rates before the first anniversary of the preceding
rate change.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.062. PILOTAGE RATE CHANGE APPLICATION. (a) An
application for a change in pilotage rates may be submitted to the
board by:
(1) a pilot;
(2) an association of pilots;
(3) a consignee liable under Section 66.070 to pay
pilotage rates; or
(4) an association of consignees.
(b) The application must be written and must state
specifically the changes requested.
(c) The board shall set a hearing date within two weeks of
receipt of an application. The board shall hold the hearing not
earlier than the 20th day and not later than the 40th day after the
date the board sets the hearing date.
(d) An applicant shall give notice of the application and
the hearing date, by certified mail to the last known address, to:
(1) all pilots licensed or certified in the port;
(2) all known pilots' associations; and
(3) all steamship agencies and associations in the
port.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.063. PILOT FINANCIAL REPORT. (a) Not later than
the 10th day before the date set for a pilotage rate hearing, the
pilots who are licensed or certified to serve the port for which the
rates are being considered shall submit in writing to the board and
to any party designated by the board complete accounts of:
(1) all amounts received from performing pilot
services, organized by categories or classifications of rates, if
rates are set in that manner;
(2) all earnings from capital assets devoted to
providing pilot services;
(3) all expenses incurred in connection with
activities for which amounts described by Subdivisions (1) and (2)
were received and earned; and
(4) estimates of receipts and expenses anticipated to
result from the requested changes in pilotage rates.
(b) The pilots shall provide the information for:
(1) the calendar or fiscal year preceding the date of
the pilotage rate change application; and
(2) the subsequent period to within 60 days of the date
of the application.
(c) The board may require an independent audit of financial
information submitted under Subsection (a) by an accountant
selected by the board. The board, as it considers fair and just,
shall assess the costs of the audit against one or more of the
applicants and objecting parties.
(d) The board may require relevant additional information
it considers necessary to determine a proper pilotage rate.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.064. FACTORS FOR BOARD CONSIDERATION. In
establishing pilotage rates, the board shall consider factors
relevant to determining reasonable and just pilotage rates,
including:
(1) characteristics of vessels to be piloted;
(2) the average number of hours spent by a pilot
performing:
(A) pilot services on board vessels; and
(B) all pilot services;
(3) costs to pilots to provide the required pilot
services;
(4) the public interest in maintaining safe,
efficient, and reliable pilot services;
(5) the average wages of masters of United States flag
vessels that navigate in the board's jurisdiction and for which the
pilotage rate is to be established;
(6) economic factors affecting the shipping industry
in the area in which the port is located; and
(7) an adequate and reasonable compensation for the
pilots and a fair return on the equipment and vessels that the
pilots employ in connection with their duties.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.065. RATE DECISION. Not later than the 10th day
after the date of the completion of a hearing on an application for
a change in pilotage rates, the board shall issue a written decision
that:
(1) grants or denies the application in whole or in
part;
(2) states the reasons for the decision; and
(3) states each new pilotage rate.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.066. COSTS. The board, in a final order under this
subchapter, may charge all or part of the costs of processing an
application to the parties in the proceedings.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.067. APPEAL OF BOARD DECISION. Any party aggrieved
by a board decision on pilotage rates, after exhausting all
administrative remedies, may appeal the order to a court.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.068. EMERGENCY PILOTAGE RATES. (a) The board may
establish emergency pilotage rates for the period of an emergency,
not to exceed 30 days, if the board finds that:
(1) a natural or man-made disaster has created a
substantial hazard to piloting vessels into and out of a port; and
(2) the existence of the hazard overrides the
necessity to comply with normal pilotage rate-setting procedures.
(b) In adopting emergency pilotage rates, the board is not
required to comply with the procedures in this chapter or in its
rules relating to adoption of pilotage rates.
(c) Emergency pilotage rates may not be appealed.
(d) The board shall adopt rules to carry out this section.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.069. PILOT SERVICES REQUIRED. The consignee of a
vessel under the consignee's control shall obtain pilot services
for the vessel and shall pay the pilot who pilots the vessel into
and out of the port area compensation according to the pilotage
rates filed by the board.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.070. PILOTAGE RATE LIABILITY. (a) A consignee
who declines the services of a pilot offered outside the bar and
enters the port without the aid of a pilot is liable for the payment
of pilotage to the first pilot whose services were declined.
(b) A consignee is liable for the payment of pilotage to the
pilot who brings a vessel in if the vessel goes out without
employing a pilot.
(c) A consignee is liable for the payment of pilotage for a
vessel that goes out without the aid of a pilot and that came in
without the aid of a pilot to the pilot who first offered services
before the vessel came in.
(d) A consignee is not liable for the payment of pilotage
for a vessel going out without a pilot if the vessel came in without
the aid of a pilot or came in without the offer of a pilot outside.
(e) Subsections (a)-(d) do not apply to a consignee exempt
under this chapter from payment of pilotage rates.
(f) A pilot who charges a rate for pilot services different
from the pilotage rates established under this chapter for the port
in which the pilot serves is liable to each person who was charged
the different rate for double the amount of pilotage.
(g) A court may include in a judgment in favor of a person
who files suit to collect an amount owed under this chapter an award
to cover court costs and reasonable attorney's fees.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.071. RECOVERY OF COMPENSATION. A pilot who offers
pilot services to a vessel required under this chapter to obtain
pilot services and whose services are refused is entitled to
recover from the consignee the pilotage rate for the services.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
SUBCHAPTER E. PILOT LIABILITY
§ 66.081. PURPOSE. The purpose of this subchapter is
to:
(1) in the public interest, stimulate and preserve
maritime commerce on the pilotage grounds of this state by limiting
and regulating the liability of pilots; and
(2) maintain pilotage fees at reasonable amounts.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.082. PILOT LIABILITY. A pilot is not liable
directly or as a member of an organization of pilots for any claim
that:
(1) arises from an act or omission of another pilot or
organization of pilots; and
(2) relates directly or indirectly to pilot services.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 66.083. PILOT LIABILITY LIMITED. (a) A pilot
providing pilot services is not liable for more than $1,000 for
damage or loss caused by the pilot's error, omission, fault, or
neglect in the performance of the pilot services, except as
provided by Subsection (b).
(b) Subsection (a) does not apply to:
(1) damage or loss that arises because of the wilful
misconduct or gross negligence of the pilot;
(2) liability for exemplary damages for gross
negligence of the pilot and for which no other person is jointly or
severally liable; or
(3) an act or omission relating to the ownership and
operation of a pilot boat unless the pilot boat is directly involved
in pilot services other than the transportation of pilots.
(c) This section does not exempt a vessel or its owner or
operator from liability for damage or loss caused by the vessel to a
person or property on the grounds that:
(1) the vessel was piloted by a pilot; or
(2) the damage or loss was caused by the error,
omission, fault, or neglect of a pilot.
(d) In an action brought against a pilot for an act or
omission for which liability is limited as provided by this section
and in which other claims are made or anticipated with respect to
the same act or omission, the court shall dismiss the proceedings as
to the pilot to the extent the pleadings allege pilot liability that
exceeds $1,000.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
